Gulliver's Travels

                                                    A voyage to Lilliput        Chapter-7 and 8        

Gulliver came to know of an intrigue against him that he had been going on for two months. An intrigue led by Flimnap and Bolgolam had successded in bringing charges of treason and other capital crimes against him. Flimnap and Bolgolam demanded " The most painful and ignominious death " for the ' traitor '. According to some suggestions he deserved to be blinded or starved to death. Gulliver had decided to flee to court of Blefuscu. He managed to escape to Blefuscu where he was received and with royal honour.

Three days after landing in Blefuscu, Gulliver happened to find a boat which he supposed had been lost by some ship in a storm. With great efforts and help of people of Blefuscu he brought boat to the shore and fitted it out for his departure. Meanwhile, Blefuscu' s Emperor was rejecting demands from Lilliput that Gulliver be returned for punishment as a traitor. He proposed Gulliver to stay but he refused. He put some more cattle and sheep of Blefuscu but was not allowed to take along Blefuscudians. On April 13, 1702 Gulliver ary home in England and earned some money by showing his little animals to rich people and by financially selling it. The little animals proved to wool industry of England. He was happy to be reunited with his family. He earned enough money to leave his family in comfortable circumstances before he was prepared to set on the next voyage.

Part 2:  A Voyage to Brobdingnag.           Chapter -1

After two months in England, he again become restless and again on June 20, 1702. The ship was blown by two great storms. After aimless wandering or several months the ship reached an unknown island. Gulliver with his fellow sailors went to ashore. Here, they are pursued by a monster of a man. Gulliver was left behind while other sailors managed to escape. He hid himself in field of corn whose stalks were forty feet high. He was terribly frightful as he saw several huge men getting closer and closer where he was bidding. In this difficulty, he was reminded of Lilliputians whom he had put in a similar predicament. One of the reapers picked him up to examine. As he stand on his palm, he found that he was close to sixty feet above ground. The master of reapers took him to his family and was set as a new curiosity on the table set for the dinner. The family gathered round the table, he could listen them but they could hardly hear him even though he was shouting. During meal the farmer's son, 10 years old picked him up by leg and swung him in the air , a cat three times the size of an ox frightened him and baby snatched up and put his head in his mouth. After dinner the farmer's wife carried Gulliver to rest on a bed twenty yards wide and eight yards high in room which was three hundred feet wide and two hundred feet high and here two rats attacked him and he defended himself with his sword . With great difficulty he conveyed to farmer's wife that he need to discharge his natural function. He was set free in the garden and there hidden behind some books, he relieved himself.

Chapter - 2

The farmer's nine years old daughter took complete care of Gulliver and all of his needs and also taught him her language. They both have because very fond of each other. To her he was " Gridring " (little man and to him she was " Glumdalclitch "( little nurse). Soon, he become an object of neighbour curiosity. The farmer had decided to make money by showing him in town on next market day

 Both Gulliver and his nurse were upset with this but she was badly upset as she was afraid that her father might sell him off money as he had done earlier with another pets of her. Gulliver felt humiliated but consoled himself. His shows proved to be so popular and profitable that he soon made to put up shows everyday. Two months later, he accompanied his master and nurse on a tour of the cities of the kingdom. He was shown in country capital ten times a day to the delighted crowds.

Chapter  - 3

Too many public shows destroyed Gulliver's health. He grew thin and lost his appetite. His master thought that he is about to die, sold him to Queen who paid a good price for him. The king was rather suspicious and had Gulliver examined by three great scholars and scientists ordered to determine what kind of animal he was. One of scholars said it was embryo, the other two disagreed. After long debates they came to the conclusion that he was a ' replum Seakath ", a freak of nature.
The king ordered that arrangements for the for the best possible care of Gulliver, with Glumdalclitch's incharge ship. Along with Gulliver, she too was to live at court. A governess was appointed for her education and was given a personal maid and two servants. A very comfortable box was prepared for Gulliver. He dined everyday with king and queen, sometimes whole family. Whenever he met king, he gave him account of law, religion and education in Europe. His account of affairs in England provoked king to hearty laughter and asked him whether he was a Whig or a Tory. Everything in Brobdingnag conspired against his self - esteem. The Queen's dwarf , finding some one smaller than himself, got a sense of superiority ; he teased and bullied him. Once he dropped Gulliver in a bowl of cream but then dwarf was removed from Queen's service as he proved dangerous for Gulliver. One day, he was attacked by giant wasps. He killed some of them and preserved their stings, which he brought home to England where Gresham College put them on display.

Chapter - 4 

Gulliver describes the geographical position and features of Brobdingnag country. It's a vast tract of land on the north - west part of America. The land is a peninsula cut off from the rest of the continent by 30 mile high mountains topped with active volcanoes. It's surrounded on three sides by oceans but blocked from them by high pointed rocks. Even the lice looks like swine. He was taken to see the chief temple in Brobdingnag. He was impressed by the beauty, strength and enormous size of statutes of God and Emperors cut in marble. He measured a litty finger which had fallen from the statues and found it four and half feet in length. His nurse , farmer's daughter picked up the finger, wrapped it in a handkerchief and carried it home in her pocket to keep among other trinkets. He also saw king's kitchen and started to talk about the huge proportions of its building, it's oven , pots and pans.

Chapter - 5 

He met some frightening accidents in Brobdingnag because of his small size. There was always the danger of being crushed by falling objects of huge bulk, example apple. Once a spaniel grabbed him in his mouth and Carr him to his master. He described to see the maids of honor very closely and explained the ugliness of the body seen too closely. He described the boat and the huge trough filled with water in which he rowed his boat for the entertainment of the court ladies. He recalls how he was once snatched up by a monkey and carried to the top of building nine hundred feet high.

Chapter -6 

The king and queen were extremely nice to him and he tried to please them by employing his skills at making small objects of craft, for instance, a comb from bits of hair from the king's beard and made a purse for Glumdalclitch. The king began to ask Gulliver's questions about his country and learnt in detail about the climate, soil, institution and history of England. He spoke about the houses of Eords, representing aristocracy and wealthy families. Further,he spoke about the men of holy living, other parts of parliament, the house of Commons and about Judicial system in his country. The king listened, took notes but said nothing until the speaker had finished, then king raised doubts raising objections on every point. He asked what kind of education and preparation was received by the Lords and how they are selected, how a commoner fought the election and how qualified the judges were. He calculator and found that the annual expenditure of the government was twice the amount it earned by taxes. He said the English must be quarrelsome people or surrounded by troublesome neighbours and their generals must be richer than the Kings. This is how saw through the corruption of English life and institutions.

Chapter - 7

He thought that his beloved country was treated by the king most injuriously. He even tried to hide frailties and deformities of his political mother ( England ) but he failed. To impress the king, Gulliver told him about gunpowder and it's terribly destructive power. He offered to teach the king how to make it, but the king was horrified at the idea of such a thing. The king considered the inventor of such a substance to be an enemy of mankind and was amazed that such an insect as Gulliver could entertain such inhuman ideas. He commanded Gulliver not to mention it to anyone. Gulliver was disappointed and thought of all those points of European superiority to Brobdingnagians that occurred to him. He describes the content of a book of morality and devotion, much like those in Europe. It dwells in man's compatible and helpless condition. He thought that such complaints were made in Europe too, but were as ill - grounded there as they were in Brobdingnag. The army of Brobdingnag was a citizen' s army, consisting of one lakh seventy -  six thousand men who were well - disciplined and well - trained. 

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Gulliver's Travel (A voyage to Lilliput, Chapter -6)

Although I intend to leave the description of the empire to a particular treatise . As the common size of the natives is somewhat under six inch high , so there is an exact proportion in all other animals, as well as plants and trees: for instance, the tallest horses and oxen are between four and five inches in height, the sheep an inch and half, more or less : their geese about the bigness of a sparrow, and so the several gradation downward till you come to the smallest, which to my sight, were almost invisible; but nature has adapted the eyes of Lilliputians to all objects for their proper view : they see with great exactness, but at no great distance. And , yo show the sharpness of their sight towards objects that are near, I I have much pleased with observing a cook pulling a lark, which was not so large as a common fly; and a young girl threading an invisible needle with invisible silk. Their tallest trees are about seven feet high: I mean some of those in great royal park, the tops whereof I could be just reach with my fist clenched. The other vegetables are in the same proportion; but this I leave to the reader's imagination.

I will say but little at present of their learning , which, for many ages, has flourished in all its branch among them: but their manner of writing is very peculiar, being from left to right, like the Europeans,nor from right to left , like the Arabians, nor from up to down , like the Chinese, but aslant , from one corner of paper to other , like ladies in England.

 They bury their dead with their heads directly downward, because they hold an opinion, that in eleven thousand moons they are all to rise again; in which period the earth will turn upside down. There are some laws and customs in this empire very peculiar; and if they were not so directly contrary to those of my own dear country, I should be tempted to say a little in their justification. It is only to be wished they were as well executed. The first I shall mention, relates to informers. All crimes against the state , are punished  here with the utmost severity ; but, if the person accused makes his innocence plainly to appear upon his trail, the accuser is immediately put to an ignominious death; and out of his goods or lands, the innocent person is quadruple recompensed, for the loss of his time , for the danger he underwent, for the hardship his imprisonment and for all the charges he has been at in making his defence ;or , if largely supplied by the crown. The Emperor also confers in him some public mark of his favour, and proclamation is made of his innocence through the whole city.
They look upon fraud as greater crime than theft , and therefore seldom fail to punish it with death, but honestly has no defence against superior cunning ;and since it is necessary that there should be a perpetual intercourse of buying and selling , and dealing upon the credit , where fraud is permitted and connived at , or has no law to punish it ,the honest dealer is always undone ,and the knave gets the advantage. I remember, when I was once interceding with the Emperor for a criminal who had wronged his master of a great sum of money , which he received by order and ran away with it; and happenings to tell his majesty , by way of extenuation , that it was only q breach of trust , the Emperor thought it monstrous in me to offer it as defence the greatest aggravation of the crime ; and truly I had little to say in return, further than the common answer , that different nations had different customs , for I confess , I was heartily ashamed.

Although we usually call reward and punishment the two hinges upon which all government turns, yet I could never observe this maxim to be put in practice by any nation except that of Lilliput.In choosing persons for all employments, they have more regard to good morals than to great abilities, since government is necessary to mankind , they believe that the common size of human understanding is fitted to some station or other ; and that providence never intended to make the management of public affairs .

Ingratitude is among them a capital crime as we read it to have been in some other countries: for they reason thus , that whoever makes ill returns to his benefactors , must needs to be a common enemy to the rest of mankind, from whom he has received no obligation, and therefore such a man is not fit to live .

In the female nurseries, the young girls of quality are educated much like the males, but always in the presence of a professor or deputy. And if it be found that these nurses ever presume to entertain the girls with frightful or foolish stories. 
The cottagers and labourers keep their children at home , their bussines being only to till and cultivate the earth and therefore their education is of little consequences yo the public. I had made for myself a table and a chair convenient enough , out of the largest trees in the royal park. Two hundred sempstresses were employed to make my shirts, and linen for my bed and table all of the strongest and coarsest kind they could get , which , however, they were for ed to quilt together in several folds , for the thickest was some degrees finer than lawn.

I had three hundred cooks to dress my victuals in little convenient huts build about my house , where they and their entry lived and prepared me two dishes . I took up twenty waiters in my hand ,and placed them on the table . One day imperial majesty , being informed of my way of living , desired" that himself and his royal consort with the young princes .They came accordingly and I placed them in a chair of state , upon my table ,just over against me , with their guards about them. I'm here obliged to vindicate the reputation of an excellent lady , who was an innocent sufferer on my account. The treasures took a fancy to be jealous of his wife ,from the malice of some evil tongues , who informed him that her grace had taken a violent affection for my person , and the court scandal ran for sometime that she once came privately to my lodging . I own she came often to my house , but always publically . I should not have dwelt so long upon this particular , if it had not been a point wherein the reputation of a great lady is so nearly concerned to say nothing of my own . These false knowledge which I afterwards came to the knowledge of by an accident not proper to mention made the treasurer show his lady for sometime an ill - countenance and me as a worse and although he was atlast undeceived and reconciled to her , yet I lost all credit with him .

Gulliver's Travel (A Voyage to Lilliput , Chapter -5)

The empire of Blefuscu is an island situated to the north -east of Lilliput , from which it is parted only by a channel of eight hundred yards wide. I had not yet seen it, and upon this notice of an intended invasion,I avoided appearing on the side of that coast, for fear of being discovered by some of enemy ' s ship,who had received no intelligence of me ; all intercourse between the two empires having been strictly forbidden , during the war, upon pain of death , and an embargo laid by our emperor upon all vessels whatsoever. I communicated to his majesty a project I had former of seizing the enemy' s whole fleet ; which , as our scouts assured us, lay at anchor in the harbour , ready to sail with the first fair wind. I consulted the most experienced sea man upon the depth of the channel, which they had often plumbed , who told me , that in the middle , at high water it was seventy Glumgluffs deep , which is about six feet of European measure. I walked towards the north -east coast , over against Blefuscu , I took off my small perspective glass , and viewed the enemy's fleet at anchor , consisting of about fifty men of war and a great number of transport. Having thus fixed fifty hooks to as many cables , I went to the north-east coast, and putting off my shoes, coat and stockings walked into the sea. I waded with what haste I could and swan in the middle about thirty yards. I arrived in the fleet in less than half an hour . The enemy was so frightened when they saw me , that they leaped out of their ships ,and swam to shore .The enemy discharged seven thousand arrows many of which stuck in hands and face ,gave me much disturbance in my work .

The Emperor and the whole court stood on the shore ,expecting the issue of this great adventure. They saw the shops move forward in q large half - moon . when I advanced to the middle of the channel they were yet more in pain, because I was under water to my neck. The Emperor concluded me to be drowned ,and that's the enemy's fleet was approaching in a hostile manner : but he was soon eased to his fear .

His Majesty desired I would take some another opportunity of bringing all the rest of his enemy's ships into his ports. And so immeasurable is the ambition of princes, that he seemed to think of nothing less than reducing the whole empire of Blefuscu into a province and governing it, by a viceroy, of destroying the Big - endies exiles, But I endeavoured to divert from his design, by many arguments drawn from the topics of policy as well as justice and I plainly protested .

About three weeks after this exploit , there arrived a solemn embassy from Blefuscu , with humbly offers of a peace , upon conditions very advantageous to our Emperor . There were six ambassadors with a train of about five hundred persons and their entry was very magnificent. When their was finished , They began with many compliments upon my valour and generosity, invited me to that kingdom and desired me to show them some proofs of my prodigious strength ,of which they had heard so many wonders .

When I had entertained their excellencies ,I desired they would do me the honour , before I returned to my own country . It is to be observed that these ambassadors spoke to me , by an interpreter . When I signed those articles upon which I recovered my liberty , there were some which I disliked . However, it was not long before I had an opportunity of doing his majesty . I was alarmed at midnight with the cries of many hundred pro at my door , by which , suddenly awaked , I was in some kind of terror. I heard the word Burglum repeated incessantly several times making their way through the crowd, entreated me to come immediately to the palace , where her majesty's palace was on fire. I got up in an instant; and orders being given to clear the way before me, and it being likewise a moonshine night, I made a shift to get to the palace without being trampling on any of the people. I found they had already applied ladders to the wall of the appartment .I had the evening before, drunk plentifully of a most delicious wine called Glimigrim . I had not discharged myself of any part of it. The heat I had contacted by coming very near the flames and by labouring to quench them, made the wine begin to operate by urine; which I voided in such a quantity, and applied so well to the proper places, that in three minutes the fire was wholly extinguished, which had cost so many in erecting , preserved from destruction.

Gulliver's Travels (A Voyage to Lilliput, Chapter -4)

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Gulliver's trip trough the metropolis

After obtaining his liberty Gulliver sought the Emperor's permission to see Milendo,the metropolis. The permission was readily granted. An announcement was made in the city that people should keep away from Gulliver's route so that they are not accidentally trodden down. As Gulliver walked through the main street people stood on tops of their houses and in their garret windows to have a look of the man - mountain. Gulliver find that it was quite a big town capable of holding five hundred thousand people. The houses consisted of three to five storeys. The shops and market were well provided.

The Emperor's palace was in the centre of the city. Gulliver was able to bhave a glimpse of the empress and the young princes and princesses standing in the window. On seeing Gulliver the empress smiled amiably .She offered her hand trough the window to Gulliver to kiss.

The conflict between two parties

About two weeks after the emancipation of Gulliver, Reldresal , the Principal Secretary of Private Affairs, came to see Gulliver. He apprised Gulliver of the prevailing state of affairs. The country was facing two dangers. Firstly there was an opposition party in the country. Secondly, there was the danger of an invasion from the neighbouring country. There were two parties in the country -- the ruling party and the opposition party.  A conflict had sprung up. While the Emperor believed in eggs being broken, at the smaller end , the leaders in the opposite party insist on breaking eggs at a larger end. The two parties were called Big - endians and Small - endians . Moreover there was a conflict between those who high heel shoes and those who wore low heel shoes.

The external danger

The external danger was from the island of Blefusc . This island as popular as the island of Lilliputians. The opposition party was siding with the Emperor of Blefuscu who had assembled a huge fleet of ships to attack Lilliputians.Gulliver patiently heard the whole account and promised his full support to the king of Lilliput.

Gulliver's Travels (Voyage to Lilliput , Chapter-3)

Gulliver wins the favour of the Emperor

Gulliver's gentleness win him a favourable place in the court. The Emperor,the army and the people in general liked him. He become hopeful that he would soon be liberated from the chains. By now, he had also learnt the language of Lilliputians. The Lilliputians too were not so apprehensive of him. Gulliver would sometime let five or six little men dance on his hand.

Rope - dancing

Some of the activities of Lilliputians amused and entertained him. One activity was rope dancing. It was performed by those persons who were candidates were asked to dance on a rope. Whoever jumped the highest without falling was given a high office. Many times the Emperor aak the chief ministers or high officials to display the skill. For example, once , Flimnap, the Treasurer ,was asked to dance on a tight rope and exhibit his superiority over others. . In the same way, Reldresal, Principal Secret for Private Affairs, was asked to show rope dancing skill.

Leaping over sticks

In order to gain high office, another activity was performed by candidates. They were to leap over a creep under a stick which the Emperor held. Anyone who performed this activity was awarded a blue colour silken thread. The man who stood second was given a red coloured thread and one who stood third was awarded a green colour thread. The winners wore these threads as round their their waists as a mark of honour. 

Conditional release of  Gulliver

  Gulliver made petitions for his release time and again. The Emperor made up his mind. The Emperor made up his mind to release him on certain conditions. These conditions were framed by Skyrris Bolgolam,an influential member of the Royal Court. Accordingly, Gulliver was to take an oath to abide by the conditions laid down by them. It was decided that Gulliver would be given a specific quantity that Gulliver would be given a specific quantity of meat and drink enough to support 1722 Lilliputians. This quantity was calculated by the imperial mathematics.                                                                            

Gulliver's Travels ( A voyage to Lilliput, chapter-2)

  Gulliver ,as an object of curiosity and amazement

When Gulliver arrived in the capital , he felt a strong urge to urinate . The place where Gulliver was lodged was an ancient deserted temple considered as be profane. He took the first opportunity available and relieved himself of his uneasy load. The Emperor had already descended from the tower. He camle on his horseback to have an opportunity to view Gulliver .He also wanted to talk to Gulliver . When he alighted he surveyed Gulliver for his giant size. The empress and the princes, who arrived, sat down in their chair maintaining a safe distance from Gulliver . They looked at the huge creature with wonder . The Emperor made many efforts to talk to Gulliver. Gulliver too tried to talk but neither of them could understand the other. By now a large number of people had gathered to have a look at Gulliver . Many little men started shooting arrows at him. As the news of his arrival spread , numberous rich, idle and curious people came to see him.

Gulliver , taught the language of Lilliputians

Having consulted his courtiers ,the Emperor decided not to put Gulliver to death. He decided to keep Gulliver and feed him properly .He ordered his men to make arrangements for Gulliver's board and lodging. Arrangements were made to teach Gulliver the language of Lilliputians. It took Gulliver three weeks to learn their language. Now , he was able to communicate with the Emperor and some of his men.

Gulliver , thoroughly searched 

According to the law of the land, Gulliver was throughly searched. A list of all the articles of found on his person was made .His sword and pistols , comb, snuff box was taken away.His watch which filled the people with surprise was also tàken away from him. The only thing which escaped the notice. As  the little men was his pair of spectacles It escaped as it was in private pocket of Gulliver a coat . In the inventory prepared by the Lilliputians Gulliver was named ' Quinbus Flestrin' which meant " man - mountain."

Gulliver's Travels

                     Part -1 , A Voyage to Lilliput 

Gulliver's medical studies and his marriage 

Lemuel Gulliver was the third of the five sons of his parents. His father owned a small estate in Nottinghamshire. When Gulliver was fourteen , he was sent to Emanuel College in Cambridge. He stayed there for three years .He had to become an apprentice to Mr John Bates , in London. There he studied medicine for three years , that would help him in long voyages . After he went on a couple of voyages

Shipwreck , but Gulliver survived 

In the beginning , the voyage seemed to be smooth and prosperous. But after the ship was over taken by a violent storm. A sudden flurry from the north overturned the boat. 

 While most of his companions perished Gulliver managed to swim ashor . Felling utterly tired, he feel asleep near the shore.

Human beings , about six inches tall

When Gulliver woke up it was broad daylight.He found that his arms and legs were bound with chains .A crowd of human beings hardly six inches tall surrounded him .Each one was holding a bow and arrow. As Gulliver struggled to get loose ,they started shooting arrows at him. The arrows pierced like needles and caused him intense pain. However, under the orders of their king , they stopped the attack .They also offered him food and drink. But they did not release him .

Gulliver before the king                                    

Having fee Gulliver ,the little men made arrangements to take him to their city. Since Gulliver , in comparison with them was a big giant , it was a problem to transport him to the city .But the little men were very intelligent .They devised a method to take him to the court . They brought a huge carriage. Still chained , Gulliver was put in it and taken to the metropolis . The king and his principal lords who had heard about the huge dimensions of Gulliver came out to have a look at him .